{"id":11519,"date":"2023-10-18T14:56:45","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T20:56:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/?p=11519"},"modified":"2023-10-18T14:56:47","modified_gmt":"2023-10-18T20:56:47","slug":"le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance : l&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>L&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal est l&rsquo;une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance. D\u00e9couvrez les \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-dots\" style=\"background-color:#004f5e;color:#004f5e\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devenir un pays ind\u00e9pendant n&rsquo;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 facile pour le Costa Rica. Il a d\u00fb passer par plusieurs \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants pour prendre conscience de son identit\u00e9. Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements sont compil\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;article <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/en-quete-didentite-le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance\/\">En qu\u00eate d\u2019identit\u00e9 : le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance<\/a><\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Que s&rsquo;est-il pass\u00e9 apr\u00e8s ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements mentionn\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;article font partie du d\u00e9but de ce que nous appelons l'\u00a0\u00bb\u00c9tat patriarcal\u00a0\u00bb, qui, au Costa Rica, s&rsquo;\u00e9tend de 1821 \u00e0 1848. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pourquoi parle-t-on d&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal ?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00c9tat patriarcal du Costa Rica. Source : Mi Costa Rica de anta\u00f1o<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prenons la d\u00e9finition sociologique du <em>patriarcat<\/em> : un syst\u00e8me social dans lequel les hommes d\u00e9tiennent le pouvoir principal et pr\u00e9dominent dans les r\u00f4les de direction politique, d&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 morale, de privil\u00e8ge social et de contr\u00f4le de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, durant la p\u00e9riode allant de 1821 \u00e0 1848, les dirigeants et les responsables du pays \u00e9taient des hommes. C&rsquo;est pourquoi les historiens ont d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de lui donner ce nom et de marquer l&rsquo;\u00e9poque des \u00ab\u00a0hommes fondateurs\u00a0\u00bb du Costa Rica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9v\u00e9nements importants dans l&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal du Costa Rica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Au cours de ces ann\u00e9es, plusieurs \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants pour le d\u00e9veloppement du pays ont eu lieu. En voici quelques-uns : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cr\u00e9ation de l&rsquo;Assembl\u00e9e l\u00e9gislative <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cr\u00e9ation de la Cour supr\u00eame de justice <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cr\u00e9ation de la loi Ambulance <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La guerre de la Ligue<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gouvernement de Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Castro Madriz <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cr\u00e9ation de l&rsquo;Assembl\u00e9e l\u00e9gislative <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-1024x535.jpg\" alt=\"L'\u00c9tat patriarcal est l'une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d'ind\u00e9pendance.\" class=\"wp-image-11482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-1024x535.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-768x401.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-1536x803.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-2048x1071.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-790x414.jpg 790w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/asamblea-legislativa-1320x690.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source : La Naci\u00f3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le Parlement du Costa Rica est appel\u00e9 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.asamblea.go.cr\/SitePages\/Inicio.aspx\">Assembl\u00e9e l\u00e9gislative<\/a> et est l&rsquo;organe qui repr\u00e9sente la voix du peuple du Costa Rica. \u00c0 ce titre, il peut exercer le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif pour dicter, r\u00e9former, abroger et interpr\u00e9ter authentiquement les lois qui r\u00e9gissent l&rsquo;\u00c9tat costaricien. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Puis en 1824, adoptant le syst\u00e8me r\u00e9publicain, les trois pouvoirs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s au Costa Rica : judiciaire, l\u00e9gislatif et ex\u00e9cutif. Cependant, ce n&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;en 1825 que le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif est cr\u00e9\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la loi fondamentale de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat libre du Costa Rica. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est int\u00e9ressant de noter que, de 1825 \u00e0 1949, 82 congr\u00e8s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9s, ce qui a permis l&rsquo;approbation de lois importantes pour le pays et a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9servation de l&rsquo;institutionnalit\u00e9 du pays. C&rsquo;est pourquoi, en novembre 1949, le congr\u00e8s a re\u00e7u son nom actuel : Asamblea Legislativa (Assembl\u00e9e l\u00e9gislative). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cr\u00e9ation de la Cour supr\u00eame de justice <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/corte-suprema-de-justicia-1024x640.jpg\" alt=\"L'\u00c9tat patriarcal est l'une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d'ind\u00e9pendance.\" class=\"wp-image-11485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/corte-suprema-de-justicia-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/corte-suprema-de-justicia-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/corte-suprema-de-justicia-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/corte-suprema-de-justicia.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source : Universidad de Costa Rica <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Cour supr\u00eame de justice est la plus haute juridiction du <a href=\"https:\/\/pj.poder-judicial.go.cr\/\">syst\u00e8me judiciaire du Costa Rica<\/a>. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e9galement \u00e0 la loi fondamentale de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat libre du Costa Rica, le pouvoir judiciaire a pu \u00eatre \u00e9tabli constitutionnellement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Cour a d&rsquo;abord rencontr\u00e9 des difficult\u00e9s lors de son installation en 1826, car \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, le Costa Rica ne comptait que peu de juristes. Cela signifiait que le pouvoir judiciaire ne pouvait pas respecter pleinement les obligations stipul\u00e9es par la Constitution politique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&rsquo;est en octobre 1826 que la Cour fut install\u00e9e et son premier pr\u00e9sident fut le Nicaraguayen Jos\u00e9 Sime\u00f3n Guerrero de Arcos y Cervantes. En fait, les premiers pr\u00e9sidents de la Cour furent nicaraguayens et guat\u00e9malt\u00e8ques ; jusqu&rsquo;en 1837, il y eut un pr\u00e9sident costaricien, Don Luz Blanco y Zamora. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pendant 20 ans, l&rsquo;administration de la justice s&rsquo;est appuy\u00e9e sur les lois des Indes, le droit castillan traditionnel, les lois des Cortes espagnoles et d&rsquo;autres dispositions \u00e9manant des organes l\u00e9gislatifs du Costa Rica et de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration centram\u00e9ricaine. En 1841, le gouvernement de Braulio Carrillo Colina a publi\u00e9 le Code g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat du Costa Rica, qui comprenait trois parties : civile, p\u00e9nale et proc\u00e9durale. Ce code a jet\u00e9 les bases du droit costaricien. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1843, Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Alfaro Zamora convoque une assembl\u00e9e constituante. Un an plus tard, l&rsquo;assembl\u00e9e promulgue la nouvelle Constitution politique, qui inclut le nom de Cour supr\u00eame de justice et porte le nombre de magistrats \u00e0 sept. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cr\u00e9ation de la loi Ambulance <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ley-de-la-Ambulancia-1024x502.jpg\" alt=\"L'\u00c9tat patriarcal est l'une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d'ind\u00e9pendance.\" class=\"wp-image-11488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ley-de-la-Ambulancia-1024x502.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ley-de-la-Ambulancia-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ley-de-la-Ambulancia-768x376.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ley-de-la-Ambulancia.jpg 1145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La loi Ambulance est une loi promulgu\u00e9e au Costa Rica en 1834. Elle stipulait que le gouvernement de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat du Costa Rica (au sein de la R\u00e9publique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique centrale) devait faire alterner sa capitale tous les quatre ans entre les villes d&rsquo;Alajuela, Heredia, Cartago et San Jos\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En fait, depuis 1563, Cartago \u00e9tait la capitale de la province du Costa Rica, mais en 1823, la capitale est devenue la ville de San Jos\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1833, les Cartaginois ont propos\u00e9 Jos\u00e9 Rafael de Gallegos y Alvarado comme chef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat du Costa Rica et l&rsquo;ont utilis\u00e9 pour ramener la capitale \u00e0 Cartago. Leur plan consistait \u00e0 \u00e9tablir la loi Ambulance afin que Cartago puisse la reprendre \u00e0 son tour. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est important de mentionner que, durant la premi\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du XIXe si\u00e8cle, les habitants du Costa Rica ne s&rsquo;identifiaient pas comme des Costariciens, mais plut\u00f4t comme des heredianos, alajuelenses, nicoyanos, etc. Il n&rsquo;y avait pas d&rsquo;identit\u00e9 nationale et aucune ville ne voulait \u00eatre gouvern\u00e9e par une autre ; de plus, elles voulaient toutes \u00eatre la capitale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La guerre de la Ligue<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"869\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/guerra.png\" alt=\"L'\u00c9tat patriarcal est l'une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d'ind\u00e9pendance.\" class=\"wp-image-11499\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.0547945205479454;width:838px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/guerra.png 869w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/guerra-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/guerra-768x501.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source : La Naci\u00f3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La guerre de la Ligue est la deuxi\u00e8me guerre civile au Costa Rica, alors \u00c9tat membre de la R\u00e9publique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale d&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique centrale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pourquoi la guerre a-t-elle \u00e9clat\u00e9 ? Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clench\u00e9e par l&rsquo;abrogation de la loi Ambulance. En effet, apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;imposition de cette loi, la ville de San Jos\u00e9 a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un journal appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0La Tertulia\u00a0\u00bb pour se moquer de Rafael Gallegos, de la loi Ambulance et des paysans d&rsquo;Alajuela. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour cette raison, Gallegos a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 de son poste de chef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat en 1835 et a \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9 par Braulio Carrillo Colina, un habitant de San Jos\u00e9, qui a presque imm\u00e9diatement \u00e9limin\u00e9 la loi sur les ambulances. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il fut alors d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de fonder une nouvelle capitale dans un espace neutre et la r\u00e9gion appel\u00e9e San Juan del Murci\u00e9lago (Tib\u00e1s), entre San Jos\u00e9 et Heredia, fut choisie. Lorsque la loi sur les ambulances a \u00e9t\u00e9 abrog\u00e9e, Alajuela a protest\u00e9 parce que la ville devait \u00eatre la capitale jusqu&rsquo;en 1838. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le 26 septembre 1835, Cartago d\u00e9savoue le gouvernement de Braulio Carrillo et nomme Nicol\u00e1s Ulloa Soto \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat pour r\u00e9tablir la loi Ambulance. Alajuela accepte le gouvernement d&rsquo;Ulloa et, quelques jours plus tard, Heredia se joint \u00e0 la lutte contre San Jos\u00e9. La Ligue des trois villes est ainsi achev\u00e9e et la guerre civile commence. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">San Jos\u00e9 a triomph\u00e9 et s&rsquo;est impos\u00e9e comme la capitale du Costa Rica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gouvernement de Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Castro Madriz <\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Povedano-_jose_maria_castro-737x1024.jpg\" alt=\"L'\u00c9tat patriarcal est l'une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d'ind\u00e9pendance.\" class=\"wp-image-11502\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.7197265625;width:340px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Povedano-_jose_maria_castro-737x1024.jpg 737w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Povedano-_jose_maria_castro-216x300.jpg 216w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Povedano-_jose_maria_castro-768x1067.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Povedano-_jose_maria_castro.jpg 1071w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Castro Madriz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Castro Madriz a \u00e9t\u00e9 le dernier chef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat et le premier pr\u00e9sident du Costa Rica. En 1847, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu chef d&rsquo;\u00c9tat \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de 28 ans, le plus jeune dirigeant de notre histoire. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;administration de Castro Madriz est contest\u00e9e par l&rsquo;opposition et, face aux menaces de soul\u00e8vement militaire, le pr\u00e9sident pr\u00e9f\u00e8re se retirer de la pr\u00e9sidence. Sa d\u00e9mission est accept\u00e9e par le Congr\u00e8s, qui lui donne le titre de Fondateur de la R\u00e9publique. Il est d\u00e9cor\u00e9 d&rsquo;une m\u00e9daille d&rsquo;or et est le premier \u00e0 \u00eatre nomm\u00e9 citoyen distingu\u00e9 du pays. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sous son gouvernement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s : l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Santo Tom\u00e1s (1843) ; le <em>Mentor Costarricense<\/em> (1842) ; <em>El Costarricense<\/em> (1847). En outre, le Costa Rica a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 R\u00e9publique libre, souveraine et ind\u00e9pendante le 31 ao\u00fbt 1848, et le 29 septembre de la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, les symboles nationaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9s : le drapeau et le blason. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sensorial Sunsets<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal est l&rsquo;une des p\u00e9riodes que le Costa Rica a connues \u00e0 la suite du mouvement d&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance. D\u00e9couvrez les \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants. Devenir un pays ind\u00e9pendant n&rsquo;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 facile pour le Costa Rica. Il a d\u00fb passer par plusieurs \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants pour prendre conscience de son identit\u00e9. Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements sont compil\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;article En [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11481,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l&#039;ind\u00e9pendance : l&#039;\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Qu&#039;est-ce que l&#039;\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu&#039;il est aujourd&#039;hui.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l&#039;ind\u00e9pendance : l&#039;\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Qu&#039;est-ce que l&#039;\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu&#039;il est aujourd&#039;hui.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SensorialSunsets\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Sensorial-Sunsets-109180614715562\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"562\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sensorial Sunsets\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sensorial Sunsets\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sensorial Sunsets\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed0a6a135b3f28b4373552b54e746456\"},\"headline\":\"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance : l&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1382,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/patriarcal.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Histoire\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/\",\"name\":\"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l'ind\u00e9pendance : l'\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/patriarcal.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00\",\"description\":\"Qu'est-ce que l'\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu'il est aujourd'hui.\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/patriarcal.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/patriarcal.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":562},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"SensorialSunsets.com\",\"description\":\"D\u00e9couvrez la culture et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du Costa Rica sur notre blog. Explorez des articles captivants et partagez le contenu.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Costa Rica Live Blog\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"SensorialSunsets\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/04\\\/Logo_base_line_fond_clair.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/04\\\/Logo_base_line_fond_clair.svg\",\"width\":\"1024\",\"height\":\"1024\",\"caption\":\"SensorialSunsets\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/Sensorial-Sunsets-109180614715562\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/sensorialsunsets\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed0a6a135b3f28b4373552b54e746456\",\"name\":\"Sensorial Sunsets\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Sensorial Sunsets\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/asistentes-sensorial-sunsets\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l'ind\u00e9pendance : l'\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets","description":"Qu'est-ce que l'\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu'il est aujourd'hui.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l'ind\u00e9pendance : l'\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets","og_description":"Qu'est-ce que l'\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu'il est aujourd'hui.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/","og_site_name":"SensorialSunsets","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Sensorial-Sunsets-109180614715562","article_published_time":"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":562,"url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Sensorial Sunsets","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Sensorial Sunsets","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/"},"author":{"name":"Sensorial Sunsets","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0a6a135b3f28b4373552b54e746456"},"headline":"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance : l&rsquo;\u00c9tat patriarcal","datePublished":"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/"},"wordCount":1382,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png","articleSection":["Histoire"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/","url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/","name":"Le Costa Rica apr\u00e8s l'ind\u00e9pendance : l'\u00c9tat patriarcal - SensorialSunsets","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png","datePublished":"2023-10-18T20:56:45+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-18T20:56:47+00:00","description":"Qu'est-ce que l'\u00c9tat patriarcal ? Le Costa Rica a d\u00fb subir plusieurs changements politiques et constitutionnels pour devenir le pays qu'il est aujourd'hui.","inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/le-costa-rica-apres-lindependance-letat-patriarcal\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/patriarcal.png","width":1000,"height":562},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/","name":"SensorialSunsets.com","description":"D\u00e9couvrez la culture et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du Costa Rica sur notre blog. Explorez des articles captivants et partagez le contenu.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Costa Rica Live Blog","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#organization","name":"SensorialSunsets","url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Logo_base_line_fond_clair.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Logo_base_line_fond_clair.svg","width":"1024","height":"1024","caption":"SensorialSunsets"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Sensorial-Sunsets-109180614715562","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/sensorialsunsets\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ed0a6a135b3f28b4373552b54e746456","name":"Sensorial Sunsets","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5f2d62681b1dad94c28f1500d4fc75582acdfd32b55fd1acce0a36a3c487eabe?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Sensorial Sunsets"},"url":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/author\/asistentes-sensorial-sunsets\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11519"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11519\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}