{"id":11907,"date":"2023-10-31T14:55:20","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T20:55:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/?p=11907"},"modified":"2023-10-31T14:55:21","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T20:55:21","slug":"traites-de-frontieres-comment-les-frontieres-du-costa-rica-ont-elles-ete-definies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/traites-de-frontieres-comment-les-frontieres-du-costa-rica-ont-elles-ete-definies\/","title":{"rendered":"Trait\u00e9s de fronti\u00e8res : comment les fronti\u00e8res du Costa Rica ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finies ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Comment les fronti\u00e8res du Costa Rica ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finies ? D\u00e9couvrez l’histoire de la cr\u00e9ation de ses fronti\u00e8res et des trait\u00e9s frontaliers. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9finir le territoire d’un pays est toujours une action extr\u00eamement d\u00e9licate et importante, car chaque nation a ses propres besoins et int\u00e9r\u00eats. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afin de d\u00e9finir le territoire du Costa Rica, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9cessaire de cr\u00e9er plusieurs trait\u00e9s r\u00e9sultant du dialogue entre les diff\u00e9rents pays limitrophes du Costa Rica. Dans cet article, nous allons passer en revue ces trait\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fronti\u00e8re avec le Nicaragua <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Comment<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La fronti\u00e8re entre le Nicaragua et le Costa Rica a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie par le Trait\u00e9 de Ca\u00f1as-Jerez<\/strong> de 1858. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce trait\u00e9 est un accord entre le Costa Rica et le Nicaragua qui est apparu comme une solution \u00e0 une tension frontali\u00e8re croissante entre les deux pays. Tout cela \u00e9tait d\u00fb au m\u00e9contentement du Nicaragua face \u00e0 l’annexion de la partie de Nicoya<\/a> au Costa Rica. De plus, aucun des trait\u00e9s frontaliers des ann\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes n’avait permis d’att\u00e9nuer les tensions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour am\u00e9liorer les relations, le Nicaragua envoie le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral M\u00e1ximo Jerez Teller\u00eda, ministre pl\u00e9nipotentiaire, \u00e0 San Jos\u00e9 pour tenter de n\u00e9gocier un nouvel accord. Le Costa Rica nomme alors le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Ca\u00f1as Escamilla pour mener le dialogue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le trait\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9 quelques jours apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9union par la majorit\u00e9 du Congr\u00e8s du Costa Rica<\/a> et a re\u00e7u l’approbation de l’Assembl\u00e9e constituante du Nicaragua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fronti\u00e8re avec le Panama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Comment<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ce qui concerne la fronti\u00e8re avec le Panama, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9e par le Trait\u00e9 Echandi-Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong> de 1941. Cette n\u00e9gociation a eu lieu entre le ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res du Costa Rica, Alberto Echandi Montero, et l’ambassadeur du Panama, Ezequiel Fern\u00e1ndez Ja\u00e9n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le conflit frontalier entre les deux pays a commenc\u00e9 au XIXe si\u00e8cle, lorsque le Panama a revendiqu\u00e9 le territoire de la Mosquitia (de la rivi\u00e8re Sixaola au cap Gracias a Dios) comme \u00e9tant le sien. De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, le Costa Rica revendiquait le territoire allant de l’\u00eele Escudo de Veraguas, dans l’Atlantique, \u00e0 l’embouchure du fleuve Chiriqu\u00ed Viejo, dans le Pacifique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s l’occupation de la r\u00e9gion de Bocas del Toro par la Nouvelle-Grenade en 1836, le Costa Rica et le Panama ont sign\u00e9 plusieurs accords pour tenter de r\u00e9soudre les diff\u00e9rends frontaliers. Cependant, les deux pays se sont finalement mis d’accord sur l’accord Echandi-Fernandez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le trait\u00e9 \u00e9tablit un r\u00e9gime de libre navigation pour les deux pays sur les rivi\u00e8res Sixaola et York\u00edn, qui servent de fronti\u00e8re. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fronti\u00e8res maritimes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Comment<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ce qui concerne les fronti\u00e8res maritimes, le Costa Rica est bord\u00e9 par l’\u00c9quateur, la Colombie et le Panama. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’\u00c9quateur<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Gr\u00e2ce au Trait\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez-Terr\u00e1n<\/strong>, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 possible de d\u00e9finir les limites maritimes entre le Costa Rica et l’\u00c9quateur dans l’oc\u00e9an Pacifique. Cet accord a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9 en 1985 par les ministres des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res des deux pays. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Colombie<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Le Costa Rica a une fronti\u00e8re avec la Colombie sur la mer des Cara\u00efbes en vertu du Trait\u00e9 Facio-Fernandez<\/strong>, sign\u00e9 en 1977 par l’ambassadeur colombien pl\u00e9nipotentiaire au Costa Rica et le ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res costaricain. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il existe \u00e9galement le Trait\u00e9 Guti\u00e9rrez-Lloreda<\/strong>, sign\u00e9 en 1984 entre les ministres des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res du Costa Rica et de la Colombie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’accord \u00e9tablit formellement la fronti\u00e8re entre les deux pays dans l’oc\u00e9an Pacifique. Il s’agit \u00e9galement de la premi\u00e8re reconnaissance internationale des zones marines et sous-marines que le Costa Rica d\u00e9clare lui appartenir, \u00e0 partir de l’\u00eele Cocos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Panama<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, il y a le Trait\u00e9 Calder\u00f3n-Ozores<\/strong> de 1980, qui a d\u00e9limit\u00e9 les fronti\u00e8res correspondant \u00e0 la mer des Cara\u00efbes et \u00e0 l’oc\u00e9an Pacifique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sensorial Sunsets<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Comment les fronti\u00e8res du Costa Rica ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finies ? D\u00e9couvrez l’histoire de la cr\u00e9ation de ses fronti\u00e8res et des trait\u00e9s frontaliers. D\u00e9finir le territoire d’un pays est toujours une action extr\u00eamement d\u00e9licate et importante, car chaque nation a ses propres besoins et int\u00e9r\u00eats. Afin de d\u00e9finir le territoire du Costa Rica, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11892,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[120,107],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire","category-politique-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTrait\u00e9s de fronti\u00e8res : comment les fronti\u00e8res du Costa Rica ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finies ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment les fronti\u00e8res du Costa Rica ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9finies ? 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