{"id":3069,"date":"2022-08-16T00:17:16","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T00:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/lobesite-au-costa-rica\/"},"modified":"2022-08-16T00:17:17","modified_gmt":"2022-08-16T00:17:17","slug":"lobesite-au-costa-rica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sensorialsunsets.com\/fr\/lobesite-au-costa-rica\/","title":{"rendered":"L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le Costa Rica est le cinqui\u00e8me pays d’Am\u00e9rique latine \u00e0 avoir le taux le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dans la population, selon l’Organisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO). L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica est devenue une v\u00e9ritable \u00e9pid\u00e9mie, surtout apr\u00e8s la pand\u00e9mie de Covid 19.<\/p>\n\n

D\u00e9finitions : diff\u00e9rence entre l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et le surpoids<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Surcharge pond\u00e9rale<\/strong> \nIl s’agit de l’\u00e9l\u00e9vation du poids corporel de l’individu au-dessus du poids normal de 10 \u00e0 20 %. En ce qui concerne l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC).<\/p>\n\n

Ob\u00e9sit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Il s’agit d’une maladie chronique \nElle se caract\u00e9rise par une augmentation du taux de graisse corporelle qui, selon son ampleur, d\u00e9termine des risques pour la sant\u00e9 qui limitent l’esp\u00e9rance et la qualit\u00e9 de vie. La classification actuelle de l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 propos\u00e9e par l’OMS, bas\u00e9e sur l’IMC, consid\u00e8re que les personnes ayant un IMC de 30 kg\/m2 ou plus sont ob\u00e8ses.<\/p>\n\n

L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

En moins de 60 ans, le Costa Rica est pass\u00e9 d’un taux de malnutrition de plus de 50 % \u00e0 un taux d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 de 34 %, selon les \u00e9tudes de l’\u00e9cole de nutrition de l’universit\u00e9 du Costa Rica en 2019. L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica est une v\u00e9ritable \u00e9pid\u00e9mie nationale.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

En effet, en 2018, l’Organisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture a class\u00e9 le Costa Rica comme le cinqui\u00e8me pays d’Am\u00e9rique latine ayant le plus fort pourcentage d’adultes ob\u00e8ses, avec pr\u00e8s d’un million de personnes souffrant d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, et 3 enfants sur 10 \u00e2g\u00e9s de moins de 12 ans.<\/p>\n\n

Une autre enqu\u00eate men\u00e9e la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e par le minist\u00e8re de la sant\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de 8 297 \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e2g\u00e9s de 13 \u00e0 17 ans dans les \u00e9coles publiques et priv\u00e9es des zones urbaines et rurales a \u00e9galement r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que, si l’on compare les sexes, il y avait 5 % de plus d’ob\u00e8ses chez les gar\u00e7ons (16,6 %) que chez les filles (11,6 %).<\/p>\n\n

En 2020, l’enqu\u00eate coll\u00e9giale de surveillance nutritionnelle et d’activit\u00e9 physique publi\u00e9e par le minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 a montr\u00e9 que 21,1 % des adolescents costariciens \u00e9taient en surpoids et 9,8 % ob\u00e8ses, ce qui montre que plus de 30 % d’entre eux d\u00e9passaient l’indice de masse corporelle recommand\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

En 2021, pr\u00e8s de 60 % de la population adulte du Costa Rica \u00e9tait en surpoids ou ob\u00e8se \u00e0 un certain degr\u00e9, tout comme 33 % des enfants en \u00e2ge scolaire.<\/p>\n\n

Selon les donn\u00e9es de l’OCDE pour 2021, le Costa Rica comptait environ 24 % de sa population pr\u00e9sentant un certain degr\u00e9 d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Les donn\u00e9es de la Caisse de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale du Costa Rica ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que 68 % de la population adulte consultant dans les centres CCSS souffrait d’un certain niveau de surpoids, pour un co\u00fbt d’environ \u20a15 millions par personne et par an.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

En effet, sur les 6 878 personnes trait\u00e9es pour des troubles de la dyslipid\u00e9mie, 42% \u00e9taient en surpoids, 38% \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 ob\u00e8ses ; sur les 9 120 patients souffrant d’hypertension, 44% \u00e9taient ob\u00e8ses, 38,4% \u00e9taient en surpoids ; sur les patients diab\u00e9tiques trait\u00e9s, 35,8% \u00e9taient en surpoids. En d’autres termes, 13 000 personnes ont eu un co\u00fbt de \u20a165 milliards par an (105 millions de dollars) pour le CCSS.<\/p>\n\n

\"obesite-sensorial-sunsets\"
Ob\u00e9sit\u00e9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La pauvret\u00e9 favorise l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Selon les \u00e9tudes, l’une des causes de l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est la pauvret\u00e9. En effet, quatre des districts pr\u00e9sentant les indices de d\u00e9veloppement social les plus faibles sont ceux o\u00f9 la pr\u00e9valence de ce fl\u00e9au est la plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e : Zapotal, Picares, Caldera et Desamparaditos, qui ne descendent pas en dessous de 50%. Il y en a aussi d’autres comme El Porvenir, Desmonte, Varablanca et Mastate.<\/p>\n\n

Les autres causes sont les mauvaises habitudes alimentaires, les modes de vie s\u00e9dentaires et certains mythes que les familles costariciennes entretiennent encore : croire qu’un enfant \u00ab\u00a0potel\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb est un enfant en bonne sant\u00e9, que les aliments sains sont chers ou que l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 n’est qu’une question de poids sont des mythes qu’il convient de dissiper.<\/p>\n\n

La grossophobie au Costa Rica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Depuis quelques ann\u00e9es, des militants costariciens se rebellent contre la \u00ab\u00a0fatphobie\u00a0\u00bb. Il y a par exemple le cas tr\u00e8s m\u00e9diatis\u00e9 de Jessica Rodr\u00edguez, qui s’est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e au casting de Miss Costa Rica alors qu’elle ne correspondait pas aux normes de beaut\u00e9 de ce type de concours. Bien qu’elle n’ait pas \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9e, elle a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 attirer l’attention du public sur cette question.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

En 2019, Gabriela Quir\u00f3s, nutritionniste \u00e0 l’Universidad Nacional a men\u00e9 une \u00e9tude sur ce sujet dans laquelle elle a conclu que 51% des femmes se sont senties tristes de ne pas avoir le corps id\u00e9al et 26% des hommes se sont \u00e9galement sentis tristes de ne pas avoir le corps id\u00e9al.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

Auteur<\/strong> : M. Barrantes pour Sensorial Sunsets<\/p>\n\n

Sources<\/h2>\n\n

https:\/\/www.ministeriodesalud.go.cr\/index.php\/prensa\/42-noticias-2020\/385-mas-del-30-de-los-adolescentes-de-costa-rica-tienen-sobrepeso-u-obesidad<\/a><\/p>\n\n

https:\/\/www.crhoy.com\/nacionales\/la-gordofobia-ticos-tienen-panico-de-ser-gordos-como-alguien-que-conozco\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Costa Rica est le cinqui\u00e8me pays d’Am\u00e9rique latine \u00e0 avoir le taux le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dans la population, selon l’Organisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO). L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica est devenue une v\u00e9ritable \u00e9pid\u00e9mie, surtout apr\u00e8s la pand\u00e9mie de Covid 19. D\u00e9finitions : diff\u00e9rence entre l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et le surpoids Surcharge […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3064,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[100,124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-costa-rica-fr","category-sante"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica - SensorialSunsets<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 au Costa Rica est une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie nationale. 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